The net-zero scenarios (ZERO) from the 2020 energy perspectives 2050+ show how the energy system can be decarbonized to achieve the net-zero target by 2050 while ensuring a secure energy supply. These scenarios are not forecasts but indicate pathways (scenarios) for how the energy system might or should develop in the medium term (10-15 years) and the long term (20-40 years) through if-then analyses.
The main ZERO Basis scenario is characterized by increased energy efficiency, significant electrification of transport and heating (space heating), and the expansion of district heating. Biogenic fuels, hydrogen, and synthetic energy carriers based on hydrogen are also essential to decarbonize high-temperature industrial processes, peak load coverage in district heating networks, certain transport segments, and international aviation. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, both domestically and abroad, are necessary to capture or offset unavoidable greenhouse gas emissions. Besides the ZERO Basis scenario, other scenarios were examined: the ZERO A scenario assumes even greater electrification, ZERO B emphasizes climate-neutral gases (biogas, synthetic methane, and hydrogen), and ZERO C intensifies the use of liquid synthetic fuels and district heating expansion compared to ZERO Basis. All scenarios assume an average operational lifetime of 60 years for Swiss nuclear power plants.
The "Business as Usual" (WWB) scenario serves as the baseline for comparison with the ZERO scenarios in the energy perspectives 2050+. It reflects the measures in force as of January 1, 2018. Newer measures, such as those under the Federal Act on Secure Electricity Supply with Renewable Energies or the Climate and Innovation Act (KlG), are not included. The climate goal is not achieved in this scenario.